TOGA

TOGA refers to a thrust rating and the associated thrust lever detent or button used to command maximum certificated thrust from the engines for take-off and go-around manoeuvres. On most modern commercial aircraft, the TOGA thrust rating delivers the highest thrust level available for normal operations and is used when maximum climb performance is required - specifically during the initial take-off roll and when executing a missed approach. Selecting TOGA engages the autothrust system (on Airbus) or sets a reference for full thrust (on Boeing), and simultaneously configures the flight director and autopilot for the initial climb or missed approach profile. On Airbus fly-by-wire aircraft, pressing the TOGA button initiates the go-around mode, retracts the flight directors to go-around bars, and commands positive pitch guidance. On Boeing aircraft, advancing the thrust levers to the TOGA detent has the equivalent effect. A go-around initiated at low altitude - such as after a rejected landing - requires immediate, aggressive action: full TOGA thrust, positive pitch, and gear and flap retraction on schedule. The maximum thrust provided by TOGA is time-limited - typically five minutes - after which the climb thrust (flex or MCT) rating applies. Sustained use of TOGA thrust beyond this limit can affect engine service intervals.

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In Virtual Airline Operations

Executing a go-around correctly is one of the most important and time-critical procedures in the VACA SOPs. Virtual pilots should be familiar with the TOGA detent location on their simulated aircraft and practise the full go-around flow regularly. Rejected approaches due to unstabilised approaches are a realistic and encouraged part of virtual airline operations, and executing a TOGA correctly - including the callouts, pitch management, and flap retraction - demonstrates a high level of procedural competence.

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Related Terms

• V2 - Take-off Safety Speed
• VAPP - Approach Speed
• SOPs - Standard Operating Procedures