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4.1 Flight Planning & Dispatch

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Operational Flight Plan (OFP)

• Generated via Simbrief or company tool
• Must be reviewed and accepted by both PIC and virtual dispatcher
• Contains all necessary route, aircraft, and performance information

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Fuel Policy

Compliant with CARs 705.33, our fuel policy includes:

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Performance Calculation

• Use manufacturer tools or TopCat for performance calculations
• Include engine-out departure procedure (EODP) in planning
• Consider obstacles greater than 125 ft AGL within 3 nm of departure path

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NOTAM & Weather Package

Review must include:

• SIGMETs for relevant airspace
• Volcanic ash advisories if applicable
• NAT track message for oceanic operations
• Special airport procedures

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Flight Release Process

1. Dispatcher prepares OFP and performance data
2. PIC reviews all documentation
3. Both PIC and dispatcher sign off via ACARS or company portal
4. Once released, any changes must be communicated and agreed upon

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4.2 Roles, Flows & Standard Calls

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PF/PM Allocation

For long-haul flights, roles should swap at top of descent for optimal crew alertness.

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Standard Callouts

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Take-Off (A320 Example)

Note: Boeing call-outs are identical except PF responds “Check” at 80 kt.

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Approach

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Flow Concept

All cockpit activities follow the Trigger → Flow → Checklist sequence:

1. Trigger: Event that initiates a sequence (e.g., “After Start”)
2. Flow: Each pilot completes their assigned flow from memory
3. Checklist: Formal verification through challenge-response

Examples of flows include:

• Preflight Flow
• After Start Flow
• Before Takeoff Flow
• Cruise Flow
• Approach Flow

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4.3 Normal Ground Operations

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Push-back & Engine Start

1. Verify beacon ON, all doors closed, and tug connected
2. Confirm brake pressure >2,000 psi before releasing parking brake
3. Follow proper engine start sequence:
   • A320: Engine 2 then Engine 1, at max motoring N2 > 20%, oil press > 0.01 MPa
   • B787: Engine 1 then Engine 2, starter cut-out at 50% N2
4. PM monitors hydraulic pressure, electrical parameters, and EGT rise
5. After both engines running, complete After Start Flow and Checklist

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Taxi Operations

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Speed Limits

• Straight taxi: ≤ 25 kt
• Turns: ≤ 10 kt
• Crossing active runway: ≤ 15 kt

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Low Visibility Procedures

• Below RVR 1,200 ft: follow green centerline lights
• Maintain spacing of 150 m from aircraft ahead
• Use progressive taxi instructions if needed

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Contaminated Surfaces

• Single-engine taxi is prohibited on ice or snow
• Reduce taxi speed appropriately for conditions
• Avoid sharp turns or heavy braking

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Runway Line-Up Technique

1. Align nose wheel precisely on centerline
2. Ensure rudder pedals are neutral
3. Verify compass/heading indicator is within plus/minus 5 degrees of runway heading
4. Wait 30 seconds for IRS settling if a turn greater than 8° was made
5. Confirm final checks complete before takeoff clearance acceptance

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4.4 Normal Flight Phases

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Take-Off Profiles

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Climb

• Set CLIMB thrust at acceleration altitude
• Retract flaps on schedule (F, S, Clean)
• Crosscheck fuel burn against OFP every 10 minutes
  • Acceptable deviation: ±300 kg for narrow-body, ±500 kg for wide-body
• Follow standard climb speed schedule unless ATC requires different speeds

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Cruise

• Maintain optimum Mach number per Cost Index (CI) in OFP
• RVSM requirements: maintain altimeter crosscheck difference less than or equal to 200 ft
• TCAS should be set to TA/RA mode
• Execute TCAS Resolution Advisories (RA) unless unsafe to do so
• Complete hourly position reports for oceanic/remote airspace

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Descent Planning

• Top of Descent (TOD) calculation: TOD = (Altitude Δ × 3) + 10 nm buffer
• Example: FL370 to 5,000 ft = (37,000 - 5,000)/1,000 × 3 + 10 = 106 nm

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Speed Management

• Early descent: Green dot + 50 kt
• Below 10,000 ft: 250 kt maximum
• Configure flaps progressively to maintain stable energy state
• Plan to be fully configured by 1,000 ft AGL (IMC) or 500 ft AGL (VMC)

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Approach Stabilization Gates

UNSTABLE → GO-AROUND (mandatory call by any crew member)

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Landing Technique

• Autobrake settings:
  • Dry runway, normal length: AUTO 2
  • Wet runway or short field: AUTO 3 / MAX
• Reduce reverse thrust to idle at 60 kt
• Cancel reverse thrust completely by 40 kt
• Turn on taxi light when crossing the hold-short line
• Turn off strobe lights after clearing the runway

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4.5 Oceanic & Extended Operations

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ETOPS Requirements

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Oceanic Procedures

1. Pre-Oceanic Checklist to be completed 10 minutes prior to oceanic entry
2. HF radio check with appropriate oceanic control
3. Hourly position reports containing:
   • Aircraft callsign
   • Position (lat/long or named waypoint)
   • Time over position
   • Flight level
   • Next waypoint and ETA
   • Following waypoint
4. Maintain Mach number technique when assigned

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Low-Visibility Operations (CAT II/III)

• Minimum required equipment:
  • Autopilot
  • Autothrottle
  • Dual FGCS channels
  • Radio altimeters
• CAT IIIa procedures allow operations down to 50 ft DH (fail-passive)
• CAT IIIb procedures allow operations down to 15 ft (no rollout guidance in sim)
• Follow LVP taxi charts with ILS Critical Areas clearly marked
• Special callouts and procedures apply during CAT II/III approaches