> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://docs.canadava.com/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# Abnormal & Emergency Procedures

> Review vACA abnormal and emergency procedures including engine failure, RTO, rapid decompression, and evacuation steps

# Abnormal & Emergency Procedures

This section outlines the standard procedures for handling abnormal situations and emergencies at Virtual Air Canada Airline.

## Engine Failure (After V1)

When an engine failure occurs after V1 during takeoff:

1. Maintain runway centerline, rotate to **12–15 degrees** pitch
2. Once positive rate is established, call for "Gear up"
3. Engage **Heading Select** to track the engine-out departure procedure (<Tooltip tip="Engine-Out Departure Procedure" cta="See glossary" href="/aops/additional-resources/glossary/eodp">EODP</Tooltip>)
4. Accelerate to **F speed** (flap limit speed)
5. At <Tooltip tip="Minimum Sector Altitude" cta="See glossary" href="/aops/additional-resources/glossary/msa">MSA</Tooltip> (Minimum Sector Altitude) or 3,000 ft <Tooltip tip="Above Ground Level" cta="See glossary" href="/aops/additional-resources/glossary/agl">AGL</Tooltip>, assess the situation
6. Secure the failed engine according to the <Tooltip tip="Quick Reference Handbook" cta="See glossary" href="/aops/additional-resources/glossary/qrh">QRH</Tooltip>/<Tooltip tip="Electronic Centralized Aircraft Monitor" cta="See glossary" href="/aops/additional-resources/glossary/ecam">ECAM</Tooltip>/<Tooltip tip="Engine Indication and Crew Alerting System" cta="See glossary" href="/aops/additional-resources/glossary/eicas">EICAS</Tooltip> procedures
7. Decide whether to return to the departure airport or proceed to an alternate

## Rejected Take-Off (RTO)

For rejected takeoffs:

* The Captain calls **"STOP"** (or First Officer in case of Captain incapacitation)
* The PM selects reverse thrust to **MAX** and monitors auto-brake deceleration
* **Speed considerations**:
  * Major system failure below **V1-20 kt**: Reject
  * Above V1-20 kt: Continue takeoff unless there is fire, severe damage, or unsafe configuration

### RTO Decision Matrix

| Condition             | Below 80 kt | Between 80 kt and V1-20 kt | Above V1-20 kt                            |
| --------------------- | ----------- | -------------------------- | ----------------------------------------- |
| Engine fire/failure   | Reject      | Reject                     | Reject if before V1, Continue if after V1 |
| Tire failure          | Reject      | Reject                     | Continue                                  |
| Configuration warning | Reject      | Reject                     | Continue                                  |
| Minor system failure  | Reject      | Continue                   | Continue                                  |
| Control issues        | Reject      | Reject                     | Continue if controllable                  |

## Other Emergencies

### Rapid Depressurization

1. Don oxygen masks ON, set to 100%
2. Establish crew communication
3. Initiate emergency descent to MEA (Minimum Enroute Altitude) +1,000 ft
4. Set speed to Mmo / Vmo–10 kt
5. Turn toward nearest suitable airport
6. Declare emergency (MAYDAY) and notify <Tooltip tip="Air Traffic Control" cta="See glossary" href="/aops/additional-resources/glossary/atc">ATC</Tooltip>
7. Complete applicable QRH/ECAM/EICAS checklist items

### Smoke/Fumes

1. Don oxygen masks, set to 100%
2. Establish crew communication
3. If in A320, turn both packs OFF
4. Consider emergency descent
5. Plan to land at nearest suitable airport
6. Follow QRH smoke removal checklist items
7. Prepare for possible evacuation

### Evacuation

When evacuation becomes necessary:

1. Set parking brake
2. Notify ATC of evacuation
3. Pull fire handles if engine fire is present
4. Make <Tooltip tip="Public Address" cta="See glossary" href="/aops/additional-resources/glossary/pa">PA</Tooltip> announcement: **"Evacuate, evacuate"**
5. Use slides simulation command
6. Evacuate using available exits (follow real-world exit priorities)
7. Captain is last crew member to leave the aircraft
8. Assemble at upwind gathering point

## Memory Items

The following emergency procedures must be committed to memory:

| Emergency               | Memory Items                                                                                                                                                                 |
| ----------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Engine Fire**         | 1. Throttle............IDLE<br />2. Fire Handle.........PULL<br />3. Fire Button.........PUSH                                                                                |
| **Rapid Decompression** | 1. Oxygen Masks.......ON/100%<br />2. Seatbelts...........FASTEN<br />3. Thrust...............IDLE<br />4. Speedbrake...........EXTEND<br />5. Emergency Descent....INITIATE |
| **Rejected Takeoff**    | 1. Throttles............IDLE<br />2. Speedbrake...........DEPLOY<br />3. Maximum Braking......APPLY<br />4. Reverse Thrust........MAX                                        |

## Emergency Equipment Location

All pilots must be familiar with the location and operation of the following emergency equipment:

* Fire extinguishers
* Oxygen masks and bottles
* First aid kits
* Emergency locator transmitter (ELT)
* Emergency exits and evacuation slides
* Crash axe
* Flashlights
* Life vests and rafts

## Crew Incapacitation

If a crew member becomes incapacitated:

1. The remaining pilot assumes all duties
2. Call for medical assistance if available
3. Don oxygen mask if cause is unknown
4. Declare emergency and request priority handling
5. Consider diversion to nearest suitable airport
6. Secure incapacitated crew member in their seat if possible

<Card title="Next Section: Cabin Operations" icon="person-seat" href="/aops/standard-procedures/cabin-operations">
  Continue to learn about cabin-related procedures and safety protocols
</Card>